This publication was produced by Statistics and Analytical Services Branch in the Department of Agriculture, Environment and Rural Affairs (DAERA) and contains carbon intensity and supporting indicators. They have been released to complement the emissions data available from the historic greenhouse gas inventory and the NI greenhouse gas projections, and to help Government track the effectiveness of carbon reduction policies.

The publication is available on the DAERA website

• Gross Value Added (GVA) is used to measure NI’s economic output, since 1998 it has grown substantially, while greenhouse gas emissions have declined. The ratio of total greenhouse gas emissions to GVA, in NI, decreased 65% from 1998 to 2020.
• In 2020, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions intensity for NI was estimated at around 0.48 kilograms of carbon dioxide (CO2) equivalent per £ of GVA. In 1998 this figure stood at 1.38 kilograms.
• GHG emissions per capita decreased 36% from 17.2 tonnes CO2 equivalent per person in 1990 to 11.0 tonnes in 2020. The population increased by 19% over this period, while greenhouse gas emissions decreased by 24%.
• GHG emissions per unit of electricity generated decreased 45% from 631 grams CO2 per kWh in 2004 to 347 grams in 2020. This has been driven by the growth of renewable energy generation in NI, a shift away from coal use towards gas for electricity generation, and improvements in energy efficiency.
• Residential GHG emissions per household have decreased 6% from 3.78 tonnes of CO2 equivalent per household in 2008 to 3.55 tonnes in 2020. Fuel switching to natural gas from more carbon-intensive fuels such as coal and oil has reduced emissions, but more households create greater demand for energy.
• The average CO2 emissions from licensed cars has declined over the years from 149.8 g/km in 2014 to 133.7g/km in 2021.
• Total emissions (excluding sequestration) related to milk production decreased from an average of 1,927 grams of CO2 equivalent per kilogram of Energy Corrected Milk (ECM) in 1990 to 1,215 grams in 2020. Whilst milk production in the dairy sector has expanded by 85% since 1990, the total number of dairy cows over this period has increased by only 13%, meaning this improvement in carbon footprint has been driven by substantial increases in milk yield per cow.
• Waste management emissions per capita have decreased 66% from 1,136 kilograms of CO2 equivalent per person in 1990 to 382 kilograms in 2020. The population increased by 19% over this period while greenhouse gas emissions from waste management fell by 60%, due in a large part to the introduction of methane capture and oxidation systems at landfill sites.

View the publication on the DAERA website.